What is Fermentation?
If you ask five friends what fermentation is, you are likely to get at least five different answers that may or may not share anything. Fermentation is the chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms and enzymes, often resulting in effervescence and the release of heat. Enzymes are often produced by a fungus, like koji, and they break down complex organic compounds into simpler structures.
An Even Simpler Definition
Fermentation microorganisms — be they bacteria, yeast, or mold —digest foods, and what is left after they are finished is more easily digested by the microbes in our bodies. So the microbes in your kombucha, kefir, sauerkraut, kimchi, sourdough, pickles, beer, wine, cider or vinegar are doing the heavy lifting for the microbes waiting deep within you.